Sander.



W. B. ROGERS.

SANDER. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12, 191?.-

Pat'nted Jan. 14,1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

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INVENTOR Wale? 6 M v Attorney Q WITNESSES C0" WASHIN W. B. ROGERS.

SANDER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12, 1912. y 1,050, I 73. Patented Jan 14, 1913. 4Q KR 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WITNESSESW- I 71 lg @fg/WR I Attorney UNIT TATES earn canton W'AL'IER B.ROGERS, 0F KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE.

SANDER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VALTER Bxscoar Roonns, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Knoxville, in the county of Knox and State ofTennessee, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Sanders, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing.

My improvement relates particularly to sand traps for locomotive sandersin which the sand is driven by an air blast through a part of its coursefrom the sand box or dome into and through the delivery pipe whichextends to or nearly to the adjacent track rail, sanders of this typeusually comprising a trap having a body within which is a sandreceivingchamber or compartment from which an air blast issuing from a nozzlecarries the sand in a small stream diagonally upward against adeflecting member, the sand then falling by gravity and downward airmovement into a delivery compartment from which it passes by gravity andin part by air movement into the delivery pipe.

The object of the improvement is to provide a sander which is easilymanufactured and in which the tendency of sand to lodge or clog in theair nozzle is reduced to a minimum and in which the tendency to cut thenozzle mouth or outlet by means of sand is reduced to the minimum, andin which the stream of sand going from said nozzle to said deflectingmember may always be straight and thus avoid contact with the walls ofsaid body which intervene between said nozzle and said deflectingmember.

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction wherebythe defiecting member may readily be adjusted or re newed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a top view of an apparatusembodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same mechanism;Fig. 3 is an upright section on the line, 33, of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is ahorizontal section on the line, ll-, of Figs. 2 and 3; Fig. 5 is atransverse, upright section on the line, 5-5, of Figs. 2 and 3.

In these figures the usual slight leaning of the sander away from thesand holder is ignored.

Referring to said drawings, A is the body of the sander. This is adaptedto rest against the abutment, B, which is located at the base of thesand box or holder and through which extends the discharge port,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 12, 1912.

Patented Jan. tat, 1913..

Serial No. 683,394.

13 into the receiving chamber, A of the body, A. Another discharge port,B extends through the abutment, B, to the dis charge chamber, A of thebody, A. Valves of well-known form (not shown) control the flow of sandfrom the said box through said ports. Going outward from the sand dome,the abutment, B, is inclined downward, and the body of the trap issimilarly inclined. Such inclination facilitates the flow of sand fromthe sand dome. The body, A, is secured to said abutment by means ofthree binding bolts, B extending through holes, A in said body. Oppositethe port, B the outer wall of the body, A, has a port, A which isordinarily closed by a screw cap, A The purpose of said port and cap isto aiiord access to the interior of said chamber, A

Approximately horizontally opposite the receiving chamber, A the body,A, has a discharge chamber, A In the front wall of said dischargechamber is a screw-threaded port, A into which is screw-threaded one endof the delivery pipe, D, the remainder of said pipe (not shown) leadingalong the drive wheel nearly to the adjacent track rail. Rising fromsaid discharge chamber is a gravity passage, A and from the receivingchamber, A a blast passage, A extends obliquely upward and meets theupper portion of the gravity passage, A. Above the junction of said twopassages, the wall of the body is raised obliquely to form a hollow andopen cylindrical neck, A. The exterior of said neck is screw-threadedand receives an interiorly screw-threaded cap, A Said cap has on itsouter face a polygonal upward extension, A, to be engaged by a wrenchfor turning the cap. Within said cap is a circular deflecting member, A,the interior face of which is suitably concaved to receive the impact ofthe stream of sand driven by the air blast through the blast passage, Aand deflect said stream clownward into the gravity passage, A andthrough the latter into the discharge chamber, A The interior of theneck, A has a seat, A, to receive the deflecting member. A disk of softindia rubber, R, is placed be tween the member, A", and the cap to serveas a cushion and also as a sealing member to keep water from enteringthe trap when the sand has worn a hole through the cap. A set screw, A,extends horizontally through the upper portion of the rim of the cap andbears endwise against the edge of the deflecting member, A, to secure itwithin the cap. Said deflecting member is adapted to be turned on itscentral axis when not held by the set screw, A. Hence, if the stream ofsand strikes said deflecting member atone side of the center and therewears away the metal said member may be turned to cover the opening inthe cap and present another portion for the impact of the stream. Inthis way said member may be turned several times. lVhenever it is worntoo much for further use, it may be taken out and a new member put intoits place. And when a hole has thus been cut through the cap and thedisk, It, the latter is turned on the neck axis to cover the hole in thecap to prevent water from entering the sander body.

The nozzle pipe, C, extends downward through the wall of the body, A,adjacent the receiving chamber, A the nozzle, C projecting into saidchamber and being directed toward the blast passage, A and having itsmouth, C approximately in line with the axis of said passage. To meetthese conditions in the form of the body shown by Figs. 1 to G,inclusive, the air nozzle passage, C leading through the nozzle pipe, 0,is curved forward at its lower portion and then directed obliquelyupward to the mouth, and the entire pipe, C, assumes a form resemblingan ordinary tobacco pipe, excepting that there is no bowl and the nozzlepassage is substantially uniform in cross section from the mouth, Cthroughout the length of the nozzle pipe. The lower end or foot of thenozzle pipe is shown provided at opposite sides with lugs, G which areadapted to rest on shoulders, A within the body, A, to limit thedownward movement of the nozzle pipe. By this means, the position of themouth, C of the nozzle is definitely fixed.

A nut, C surrounds the nozzle pipe and is screw-threaded into theadjacent wall of the body, A. lVithin said nut the nozzle pipe has anannular shoulder, C and above said shoulder said nut is chambered andinteriorly screw threaded. Immediately above said shoulder, a packingring, C surrounds said pipe. A packing nut, C surrounds the nozzle pipeand is screw-threaded into the chamber of the nut, C and bears againstsaid packing ring, whereby said packing ring is pressed against theshoulder, C, and also against the pipe, C, and the adjacent face of thenut, C whereby a seal is formed to prevent the passing of air and wateraround the nozzle pipe. Furthermore, the engagement of the nut, (3?, inthe body, A, and the engagement of the packing nut, C in the nut, C andthe engagement of the packing ring, C with said nut, G and said annularshoulder, C, involves holding the nozzle pipe against upward movement.

Thus the lugs, C, are made to bear against the shoulder, A From theupper or outer end of the nozzle pipe, C, a supply pipe, E, may lead toa source of air supply which is under the control of the locomotiveengineer. For draining the space around the lower end of the nozzlepipe, a drain port, A, is formed in the wall of the body, A, and saidport is ordinarily closed my means of a screw-plug, A". The opening forreceiving the nozzle pipe and the nut, C is easily formed, and saidnozzle pipe is easily removed and replaced.

In air nozzles heretofore used in similar apparatus, the nozzlecontained a chamber extending closely to the mouth of the nozzle. Thismade possible the accumulation of a relatively large quantity of sandpassing from the receiving chamber through the mouth of the nozzle whenthe air blast was not being driven through the nozzle. has been foundthat the sand thus present in said nozzle chamber tended to mass andadhere and thus prevent outward movement through the mouth of thenozzle. In this way such apparatus has frequently been renderedinoperative, a partial dismantling of the apparatus being necessary inorder to clear the interior of said nozzle of such massed or adheringsand. At the roundhouse of one railroad division point with which I amfamiliar records have been made of more than five hundred such failuresper month in the sanders of locomotives making runs out from said shops.Such failure of the apparatus during a run of the locomotive bearing theapparatus is a serious matter, with reference to economy and also withreference to safety. In my improved nozzle, there is no chamber withinthe nozzle. There is merely a passage which is not of greater diameterthan the mouth of the nozzle. Hence only a few grains of sand can fallinto such nozzle, and there is no place for massing or bridging of thesand; and if grains of sand should adhere to each other, they would forma body no larger than the interior of the mouth of the nozzle andadapted to movement by the air blast forward through the mouth of thenozzle. It is to be noted, however, that the air nozzle passage, C mightbe of larger diameter above the highest point reached by the sand whichenters the mouth of the nozzle. In such a passage the sand will notreach the level of the sand in the holder or dome, as would be the casewith water. It has been found by tests that a relatively short column ofsand in such a passage will resist a much higher column of sand. Iestimate, that ordinarly in the nozzle pipe, above described, the sandwill rise no higher than the sand in the trap and probably not so high.It will be observed that meeting this condition And it' should bring thenozzle pipe as high as the sand-receiving portion of the trap. Forconvenience, I extend said pipe upward through the upper wall of thetrap and secure it in said wall. The movement or how of the sand intothe nozzle may be termed the nozzle flow of the sand, and the height towhich said flow extends may be termed the nozzle flow level. The portionof the nozzle passage, C through which the air blast descends may betermed the descending portion of said passage while the portion of saidpassage through which the air blast rises to reach the mouth, C istermed the rising portion of said passage.

It has been found by practice, that in nozzles which have an interiorchamber larger'than the mouth of the nozzle, sand at times lodgesadjacent the mouth and at one side of the latter and operates to deflectthe sand passing out with the air blast, so that such sand impingesagainst one side of the mouth and gradually cuts away the metal alongsuch side, whereby the nozzle is permanently rendered incapable ofsending the stream of sand in a straight line midway through the obliqueblast passage, A By the striking of the sand against said walls, thelatter are soon cut suiticiently to produce leakage.

By practice I have found that in my improved nozzle there is no suchlodging or packing of sand and no such deflection of the stream of sand,the latter keeping to the middle of the blast passage, A and properlystriking the concave face of the deflecting member and then movingclownward into the discharge chamber, A

I claim as my invention:

1. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage and a sand port communicating with said passage and anopening for the insertion of a nozzle pipe, a nut threaded on said bodyat said opening, and a nozzle pipe extending through said nut andengaged by the latter to be pushed downward when said nut is turnedforward, substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage, a sand port leading into said passage, and a nozzle piperest, and a nozzle pipe extending through the wall of said body to thelower portion of said blast passage and engaging said rest,substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage, a sand port leading into said pas sage, and a nozzle piperest, and a nozzle pipe extending through the wall of said body to thelower portion of said blast passage and engaging said rest and having anannular shoulder, and means surrounding said pipe and engaging saidshoulder for pressing said pipe downward, substantially as described.

at. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage, a sand port leading into said pas sage, and a nozzle piperest, and a nozzle pipe extending through the wall of said body to thelower portion of said blast pas sage and engaging said rest and having anozzle passage which has a descending portion and a rising portionopening through a mouth axially in line with the blast passage, saidnozzle passage being of approximately uniform diameter from said mouthdownward through said rising portion and then upward through saiddescending portion as high as the nozzle flow level, substantially asdescribed.

5. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage, a sand port leading into said passage, and a nozzle piperest, a nozzle pipe extending through the wall of said body to the lowerportion of said blast passage and having a nozzle passage which has adescending portion and a rising portion opening through a mouth axiallyin line with the blast passage, said nozzle passage being ofapproximately uniform diameter from said mouth downward through saidrising portion and then upward through said descending portion as highas the nozzle flow level, and means for holding the nozzle pipe to suchrest, substantially as described.

6. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage, a sand port leading into said passage, and a nozzle piperest, a nozzle pipe extending through the wall of said body to the lowerportion of said blast passage and having a nozzle passage which has adescending portion and a rising portion opening through a mouth axiallyin line with the blast passage, said nozzle passage being ofapproximately uniform diameter from said mouth downward through saidrising portion and then upward through said descending portion as highas the nozzle flow level, and a nut threaded into the wall of said bodyand surrounding and engaging said nozzle pipe, substantially asdescribed.

7. In an apparatus of the nature described, a. body having an ascendingblast passage, a sand port leading into said pas sage, and a nozzle piperest, a nozzle pipe extending through the wall of said body to the lowerportion of said blast passage and having a nozzle passage which has adescending portion and a rising portion opening through a mouth axiallyin line with the blast passage, said nozzle passage being ofapproximately uniform diameter from said mouth downward through saidrising portion and then upward through said descending portion as highas the nozzle flow level,

a nut threaded into the wall of said body and surrounding said nozzlepipe, and a packing nut and packing located within the first-n'ientionednut, substantially as described.

8. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage, a sand port leading into said passage, and a nozzle pipeextending through the wall of said body to the lower portion of saidblast passage and having an annular shoulder and having a nozzle passagewhich has a descending portion and a rising portion opening into a mouthaxially in line with the blast passage, said nozzle passage being ofapproximately uniform diameter from said mouth downward through saidrising portion and then upward through said descending portion as highas the nozzle flow level, and a nut seated in the wall of said body andsurrounding said nozzle pipe, substantially as described.

9. In an apparatus of the nature clescribed, a body having-an ascendingblast passage and a nozzle passage having a mouth in alinement with saidblast passage and having a neck above said blast passage, a cap securedto said neck, and a removable and turnable deflecting member located andsecured within said cap, substantially as de scribed.

10. Loan apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage and a nozzle passage having a mouth in alinement with saidblast passage and having a neck above said blast passage, a cap securedto said neck, a removable and turnable deflecting member located withinsaid cap, and a securing device for securing said deflecting member tosaid cap, substantially as described.

11. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage and a nozzle passage having a mouth in alinement with saidblast passage and having a neck above said blast passage, two superposedclosing members for closing the opening through said neck, said membersbeing relatively turnable on the axis of said neck, substantially asdescribed.

12. In an apparatus of the nature described, a body having an ascendingblast passage and a nozzle passage having a mouth in alinement with saidblast passage and having a neck above said blast passage, threesuperposed closing members for closing the opening through said neck,the intermediate of said members being elastic and said members beingrelatively turnable on the axis of said neck, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name, in presence of twowitnesses, this 7th day of March, in the year one thousand nine hundredand twelve.

\VALTER B. ROGERS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

